Architect a resilient and secure cloud-based platform for managing and analyzing environmental impact assessment (EIA) data, considering data provenance, version control, and audit trails to meet regulatory scrutiny and facilitate collaborative review processes.

Employ a MECE framework for platform architecture: 1. Data Ingestion & Storage: Implement a multi-region object storage (e.g., S3) with immutable versioning for raw EIA data, ensuring data provenance via metadata tagging (source, timestamp, user). Utilize a managed relational database (e.g., PostgreSQL) for structured metadata and analysis results. 2. Processing & Analysis: Leverage serverless functions (e.g., AWS Lambda) for scalable data processing and a containerized environment (e.g., Kubernetes) for complex analytical models, ensuring reproducibility. 3. Security & Compliance: Implement IAM roles with least privilege, end-to-end encryption (at rest and in transit), and WAF for access control. Integrate a centralized logging and monitoring solution (e.g., CloudWatch, Splunk) for comprehensive audit trails. 4. Collaboration & UI: Develop a web-based portal with role-based access control, version comparison tools, and comment functionalities. Utilize API gateways for secure external integrations. 5. Disaster Recovery & Backup: Implement automated backups, cross-region replication, and regular DR testing.

Architecting a resilient and secure cloud-based EIA platform necessitates a robust, multi-layered approach. I'd begin with a MECE framework, focusing on Data Ingestion, Processing, Security, Collaboration, and Disaster Recovery. For data provenance and version control, I'd utilize immutable object storage (e.g., AWS S3) with versioning enabled, automatically capturing every change and providing a complete history. Metadata tagging (source, timestamp, user, hash) at ingestion would ensure irrefutable data provenance. Audit trails would be meticulously captured using a centralized logging service (e.g., AWS CloudTrail, Azure Monitor), tracking all user activities, data access, and system changes, ensuring non-repudiation and regulatory compliance. Security would be paramount, implementing IAM roles with least privilege, end-to-end encryption, and network segmentation. For collaboration, a web-based portal with role-based access control, version comparison tools, and integrated commenting features would facilitate efficient review processes. Automated backups, cross-region replication, and regular disaster recovery drills would guarantee resilience. This comprehensive architecture ensures data integrity, regulatory adherence, and seamless collaborative workflows.